Loosening soil to improve airflow and root health.

Soil with a pH higher than 7, often requiring amendments.

Material added to soil to improve its quality.

A plant that completes its life cycle in one season.

A system combining aquaculture and hydroponics.

Insects that help control pests or aid pollination.

Charcoal added to soil to improve fertility.

Variety of plant and animal life in an ecosystem.

Fungal disease that causes dark leaf spots.

Calcium deficiency causing dark spots on fruit.

When a plant prematurely goes to seed.

Fertilizer high in phosphorus, made from ground bones.

Scattering seeds over soil rather than planting in rows.

Organic pesticide for caterpillar control.

Nutrients chemically altered for better plant absorption.

Pre-sprouting potatoes before planting.

A structure that protects plants in cooler weather.

Growing plants together for mutual benefit.

Decomposed organic matter used as fertilizer.

Short, swollen underground plant stem.

Crops grown to enrich soil and prevent erosion.

Changing planting locations yearly to preserve soil health.

Base of plant where stem meets roots.

A plant variety selected for specific traits.

A method of plant propagation using a stem or leaf.

Fungal disease causing seedlings to wilt and die.

Removing spent blooms to encourage more flowers.

Plants that shed leaves annually.

A hydroponic method where roots are submerged in water.

Tool for making holes for seeds or seedlings.

Planting seeds directly into the ground.

Watering plants at the roots via a drip system.

Soil organism that improves aeration and fertility.

Training plants to grow flat against a structure.

Method of training trees to grow flat against a wall.

Nutrient source used to promote plant growth.

Small flower in a cluster, e.g., broccoli.

Fertilizer sprayed directly onto plant leaves.

Average date of last frost in spring.

Tool for turning soil and compost.

Process where a seed sprouts into a plant.

Removing bark around a tree, which kills it.

Joining plant parts to grow as one.

Plants grown and turned into soil to enrich it.

Enclosed space for growing plants year-round.

Material used to support plant roots.

Water droplets exuded from leaf tips.

Gradually acclimating seedlings to outdoor conditions.

Compacted soil layer that roots can’t penetrate.

The act of collecting mature crops.

Open-pollinated plant varieties passed down generations.

Non-woody plants that die back after growing season.

Mounding soil around the base of plants.

Fast method of composting using high temperatures.

Plant bred from two different varieties.

Growing plants in nutrient-rich water, no soil.

Plants that continuously produce fruit (like tomatoes).

Eco-friendly approach to pest control.

Planting different crops close together.

Crisscrossed structure for climbing plants.

Loss of nutrients from soil due to excess water.

Decayed leaves used as soil conditioner.

Tall, weak seedlings with too little light.

Plants that fix nitrogen into the soil.

Tool to measure light intensity.

Ideal garden soil composed of sand, silt, and clay.

Animal waste used as organic fertilizer.

Liquid fertilizer made from steeped manure.

Small, specific climate within a larger area.

Young seedlings harvested for salads and garnishes.

Raised area of soil for planting crops.

Organic or synthetic layer to retain moisture and suppress weeds.

Symbiotic fungi that help plant roots absorb nutrients.

Microscopic worm, some of which harm plants.

Conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into usable form.

Point on a stem where leaves or buds emerge.

Abbreviation for Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium in fertilizers.

Gardening without synthetic chemicals.

Decomposed plant/animal material in soil.

To keep plants alive during winter months.

Organic material used to improve soil retention.

Plant that lives for more than two seasons.

Volcanic glass that improves aeration in soil.

Organism that damages crops or garden plants.

Measure of soil acidity or alkalinity.

Plant response to light duration.

Process where plants make food from sunlight.

Removing plant tips to encourage bushier growth.

Transfer of pollen to fertilize flowers.

Potassium-rich substance used in fertilizer.

Transplanting seedlings into bigger containers.

Creating new plants from cuttings or seeds.

Elevated garden bed for better drainage and soil control.

Elevated garden row for better drainage.

Restoring moisture to dried growing media.

Underground plant stem that sends out roots and shoots.

Mass of roots and soil at a plant's base.

Edible plant grown underground (e.g., carrots).

Lightweight fabric to protect plants from pests and frost.

Horizontal stem that grows new plants (e.g., strawberries).

Soil that drains quickly but holds fewer nutrients.

Nicking seed coats to encourage germination.

A plant part grafted onto another plant.

Protective outer covering of a seed.

Collecting and storing seeds for future planting.

A young plant just emerging from the seed.

Planter that supplies water from a built-in reservoir.

Fabric that reduces sunlight for sensitive plants.

Layering materials to smother weeds and enrich soil.

Fermented green matter used as fertilizer.

Fine soil particles that hold nutrients but drain poorly.

Microorganisms and organisms living in soil.

Analysis of soil nutrients and pH.

Distance between plants for proper growth.

A flat-bladed digging tool.

Early stage of seed growth.

Support inserted into soil to hold plants upright.

Supporting plants with stakes or poles.

Horizontal stem that grows above ground.

Staggering plantings for continuous harvest.

Main root growing deep into soil.

Main vertical root that grows deep into soil.

Dead plant material that can block water.

Removing extra seedlings to reduce crowding.

Soil texture and its suitability for planting.

Soil structure that supports root growth.

Moving plants from one location to another.

Structure that supports climbing plants.

Composting by burying waste in a garden trench.

Mineral used to improve soil aeration and water retention.

Growing plants upward to save space.

Depth at which soil is saturated with water.

Handheld tool used to irrigate plants.

Fabric or plastic that blocks weeds from growing.

Removing unwanted plants from garden beds.

Tool for moving soil and compost.

Barrier that protects garden from strong winds.

Starting seeds outdoors in containers during winter.

Nutrient-rich waste produced by composting worms.

Plant tissue that transports water from roots.

Organic debris like leaves and grass clippings.

Nutrient issue that can stunt plant growth.